Hauptsätze und Nebensätze
( wieso manchmal das Verb steht am Ende)
Sometimes we can find weird the way in wich German speak: sometimes verb modifies its place at the sentence attending to rules that are not so easy to discover .These rules in most of the cases are:
- Main sentences have "normal word order in german" wich means: verb stays at second place ( or modal at second place with the infinitive verb at the end)
- Subordinative sentences ( oder sentences refering to the main sentences as temporal sentences " wenn... als, Relative sentences etc...) verb stays at the end of the sentence
- Adverbial sentences: adverbs are usually at start of the sentence, that makes them behave like "main sentences" but we muss remember that they make an subject - verb inversion due to the verb has always to remain in second possition
Beispiel ( example):
Main sentences- sie gucken Fernsehen bei Oma
- Die Frau möchte einenUrlaub im Ausland machen ( modal verb 2ª possition)
- Heute habe ich einen Buch gelesen ( auxiliar verb "ª position)
Subordinative sentences ( they give extra info to the main sentence or refer to it)
weil &obwohl ( because... & (al)though...)
- Ich habe mir einem laptop gekauf weil ich viel reisen werde ( verb at the end and inversion with the modal verb) I have bought an laptop because I am going to travel a lot.
- Ich komme zur Schule obwohl ich mude bin. I come to school thought I am tired
wenn & als ( die spiegel)
they are somehow temporal oder conditional clauses subordinated to the main sentence they make the :
" mirror game"= (0) with the verb at main sentence.
Wenn es Morgen sonnig ist,(0) fahre ich an den Strand if tomorrow is sunny, i will drive to the beach
Immer wenn ich dich angerufe,(O) bist du nicht zu Hause always, when i call you, you are not at home.
Als ich jünger war, (O)spielte ich so viel. when i was junger i played a lot
wenn: refers to" if" or "when " conditional , something that happend in many times repeated in time, or when we speak about a posibilitty in the future. verb can appears in present, future tense or past depending in the meaning of the sentence.
als: refers Only to something that happened in the past and never more is going to happen. verbs are only in past( präteritum oder perfect)
Adverbial sentences:
As we say above they behave like "main sentences" and the adverb are usually at first possition in the clause, that bekomes an subject - verb inversion, wich means: the verb remains in second place
trotzdem
Die Frau möchte einenUrlaub im Ausland machen, trotzdem, hat sie die Reise noch nicht geplannt
A woman wants to travel abroad , however she has not yet plannified the travel
deshalb
Mein bruder hat eine Arbeit, deshalb ist er zufrieden
my bother has got a job, that´s why he is happy
( particles like trotzdem, also, deshalb dann danach are adverbs)
