Hauptsätze und Nebensätze I

Hauptsätze und Nebensätze 

( wieso manchmal das Verb steht am Ende)

Sometimes we can find weird the way in wich German speak: sometimes verb modifies its place at the sentence attending to rules that are not so easy to discover .
These rules in most of the cases  are:

1. Main sentences have "normal word order in german"  wich means: verb stays at second place ( or  modal at second place with the infinitive verb at the end)
2. Subordinative sentences ( oder sentences refering to the main sentences as temporal sentences " wenn... als, Relative  sentences etc...) verb stays at  the end of the sentence
3. Adverbial sentences: adverbs are usually at start of the sentence, that makes them behave like "main sentences" but we muss remember that they make an  subject - verb inversion  due to the verb has always to remain in second possition

Beispiel ( example):

Main sentences   

•   sie  gucken  Fernsehen  bei Oma
•  Die Frau möchte einenUrlaub im Ausland machen  ( modal  verb 2ª possition)
•  Heute habe ich einen Buch gelesen ( auxiliar verb "ª position)

Subordinative sentences ( they give extra info to the main sentence or refer to it)

 weil &obwohl   ( because... &  (al)though...)

• Ich habe mir einem laptop gekauf weil ich viel reisen werde ( verb at the end and inversion with the modal verb)  I have bought  an laptop because I am going to travel a lot.
•  Ich komme zur Schule obwohl ich mude bin.   I come to  school thought I am tired

 ( BOTH EXPLAIN SOMETHING ABOUT THE MEIN SENTENCE  THE "WHY" YOU MAKE IT )

 
wenn & als ( die spiegel)
 
 they are somehow temporal oder conditional clauses subordinated to the main sentence they make the :
" mirror game"= (0)  with the verb at  main sentence.
 
 Wenn es Morgen sonnig ist,(0) fahre ich an den Strand if tomorrow is sunny, i will drive to the beach
Immer wenn ich dich angerufe,(O) bist du nicht zu Hause  always, when i call you, you are not at home.
Als ich jünger war, (O)spielte ich so viel. when i was junger i played a lot


wenn: refers to" if" or "when " conditional ,  something that happend in many times repeated in time,  or when we speak about a posibilitty in the future. verb can appears in present, future tense or past depending in the meaning of the sentence.
als: refers Only to something that happened in the past and never more is going to happen. verbs are only  in past( präteritum oder perfect)


 Adverbial sentences:

As we say above they  behave like "main sentences"  and the adverb are usually  at first possition in the clause, that bekomes  an  subject - verb inversion, wich means: the verb remains in second place

trotzdem

Die Frau möchte einenUrlaub im Ausland machen,  trotzdem, hat sie die Reise noch nicht geplannt 
 A woman wants to travel abroad , however she has not yet plannified the travel 

deshalb 
 Mein bruder hat eine Arbeit, deshalb ist er zufrieden
my bother has got a job, that´s why he is happy 
( particles like trotzdem, also,  deshalb dann danach are adverbs)